The sixteenth-note glue
A shaker plays the fast subdivisions that a drummer’s hi-hat might otherwise cover, but softer and with more grain. In house and pop it often runs as straight sixteenths under the hats; in Latin and afro styles it carries a swung pattern that defines the groove. Shakers are among the easiest instruments to record cleanly, so the free libraries hold good egg shakers, maracas, cabasas and seed rattles.
Programming tips
Alternate a strong and a weak sample on every other sixteenth, and add a little swing, around 54 to 58 percent in most drum machines. Pan the shaker slightly off-centre, opposite the hi-hat. If it gets harsh, a low-pass around 10 to 12 kHz softens it without losing its rhythm. Because the attack of a shaker is soft, nudge the samples a few milliseconds early if they feel late against the kick.